Paul Bloxham, Chief Economist, Australia, NZ & Global Commodities, HSBC
Monetary policy is a blunt instrument. Policy rate changes affect the entire economy in broad ways rather than targeting specific challenges with precision. We expect the Reserve Bank to deliver a third consecutive 25 basis point rate hike and for these multiple hikes to deliver an economic downturn with the aim of getting inflation to head back to target.
By contrast, fiscal policy, as delivered in the Federal budget, due on 12 May, could be far more targeted - a 'scalpel', unlike the RBA's 'sledgehammer'. However, in recent years, this is not how fiscal policy has been used. Broad-based and blanket fiscal changes - like the electricity subsidies and the recent cuts to fuel excise - have made fiscal policy much less-targeted than it could be. This time a surgical approach in the budget would be ideal - if not, the risk is that more hammer blows will be needed.
It's a big couple of weeks for Australian policymakers. The RBA is due to announce its next policy decision today, and the Federal Treasurer, Jim Chalmers, is set to deliver this year's Federal budget next week, on 12 May.
Given the many challenges the economy faces at present, it will be tricky to get the policy mix just right - but doing so could be the difference between a recession and avoiding one.